Start and Stop Gnome#

sudo service gdm start

Mounting and formatting harddisk#

List hard disks and partitions#

# Partitions (RAW)
sudo fdisk -l
# Partitions and file format
sudo parted -l
# lists all block devices in the system as trees
lsblk

Partitioning#

# List available disk
sudo parted -l #or sudo fdisk -l
# Run partition software on target disk
sudo parted /dev/sdb
(parted) mklabel gpt
#(parted) mkpart primary ext4 0 4gb # Create primary parititon
(parted) mkpart primary ext4 0% 100%
quit

After partitioning, run sudo parted -l and sudo fdisk -l.

Model: ATA WDC WD80EFAX-68K (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 8002GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name     Flags
 1      17.4kB  4000MB  4000MB               primary

#################################################################

Disk /dev/sdd: 7.3 TiB, 8001563222016 bytes, 15628053168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: EFE420CC-767B-4F75-A23D-EC7D526C9A01

Device     Start     End Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdd1     34 7812500 7812467  3.7G Linux filesystem

Formatting#

# Formats the whole drive, create a new partition
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
# Or format a particular partition
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

Extend Partition#

Ronin guide

Mounting#

One-time Mount#

sudo mkdir /media/newhd
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/newhd
cd /media/newhd
ls -l

Mount on startup#

To enable mount on boot, edit /etc/fstab. The /etc/fstab file contains a list of entries in the following form:

Remember to create a directory before mounting. Also, run sudo mount -a after configuring /etc/fstab to check if the drives can be mounted successfully.

Here is an example /etc/fstab

cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sun Aug  4 04:28:13 2019
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
# /dev/sdb     /mnt/sdb      ext4        defaults      0       0
/dev/sdb     /media/JonData      ext4        defaults      0       0
/dev/sdd     /media/JonData2      ext4        defaults      0       0

Open fstab:

sudo vi /etc/fstab

Add the following line for ext3 file system:

/dev/sdb1    /media/newhd   ext3    defaults     0        2

Add the following line for Windows FAT32 file system:

/dev/sdb1    /media/windowshd   vfat    defaults     0        2

Generating Private/Public SSH Keys#

Refer to link for detailed instructions. * Generate key pairs using ssh-keygen -f [file] -t rsa -b 4096 on the local computer. * There should be two files generated --> key and key.pub * You have the option to add a passphrase to the keys, but it'll depend on your use case. * Copy the public key to the server using one of the following methods: * Method 1 - ssh-copy-id -i [public key file] [user@host] * Method 2 - Manually append public key to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys * Copy private key to client. * For private keys with a passphrase, you can add it to ssh-agent via ssh-add. This way, you only enter the passphrase once and all subsequent logins should be passphrase-free.